White-winged Robin

White-winged Robin
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Petroicidae
Genus: Peneothello
Species: P. sigillatus
Binomial name
Peneothello sigillatus
(De Vis, 1890)

The White-winged Robin (Peneothello sigillatus) is a species of bird in the family Petroicidae.

Contents

Distribution and habitat

The White-winged Robin is found in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes. It is found in the highlands of New Guinea from altitudes of 2400 to 3900 m (7500-12000 ft), and is replaced by the Slaty Robin at lower altitudes.

Description

Measuring 14 to 15 cm (5.5–6 in), the adult White-winged Robin has black plumage, with largely white wings. The male and female are identical. The bill and feet are black, and the eyes are dark brown. Juveniles have a variable streaked brown plumage.[2]

Behaviour

Within the forest the robin is found in pairs or small troops of several birds in the understory or on the ground. It is insectivorous, but does also eat some seeds.[2] The somewhat bulky cup-shaped nest is constructed in a tree fork.[2]

Taxonomy

Described by Italian naturalist Charles Walter De Vis in 1890, the White-winged Robin is a member of the Australasian Robin family Petroicidae, or Eopsaltridae.[3] Sibley and Ahlquist's DNA-DNA hybridisation studies placed this group in a Corvida parvorder comprising many tropical and Australian passerines including pardalotes, fairy-wrens, honeyeaters and crows.[4] However, subsequent molecular research (and current consensus) places the robins as a very early offshoot of the Passerida (or "advanced" songbirds) within the songbird lineage.[5]

Subspecies

Within the species, three subspecies are recognised – the nominate which is found on the main mountain range along New Guinea from the Bismarck Range eastwards, subspecies hagenensis from Mount Hagen west into Irian Jaya, and subspecies saruwagedi of the Huon Peninsula.[2]

References

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2009). "Peneothello sigillatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. International Union for Conservation of Nature. http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/146390. Retrieved 4 August 2011. 
  2. ^ a b c d Coates, Brian J. (1990). The Birds of Papua New Guinea. Volume II. Queensland: Dove Publications. pp. 197–98. ISBN 9780959025712. OCLC 153651608. 
  3. ^ * Boles, Walter E. (1988). The Robins and Flycatchers of Australia. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. p. 35. ISBN 0-207-15400-7. 
  4. ^ Sibley CG, Ahlquist JE (1990). Phylogeny and Classification of Birds: A Study in Molecular Evolution. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. pp. 603, 610–27. ISBN 0-300-04085-7. 
  5. ^ Barker, F. Keith; Cibois, Alice; Schikler, Peter A.; Feinstein, Julie & Cracraft, Joel (2004). PDF fulltext "Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation" (pdf). PNAS 101 (30): 11040–45. doi:10.1073/pnas.0401892101. PMC 503738. PMID 15263073. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0401892101v1.pdf PDF fulltext. Retrieved 2008-08-14.